Errors in Measurement MCQs with Answers

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Errors in Measurement MCQs with answers: Following Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) are based on “Errors in measurement”. It is related to subject Instrumentation, Industrial Measurement and Applications.

Topics: Types of errors in measuring instruments such as Systematic Errors, Instrumental Errors, Environmental Errors, Observational Errors, Random Errors,
Limiting Errors, Gross Errors etc.

This topic is mostly beneficial in the field of Instrumentation, Electronics, Electrical and Mechanical Engineering.

These MCQs will be useful in various competitive examinations, entrance examinations, oral examination (Viva voce), certifications and interviews.

MCQ on Errors in Measurement

Que.1Error of measurement is the difference between
  1. True value & measured Value
  2. Precision & True value
  3. Measured Value & Precision
  4. None of the above

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Option 1: True value & measured Value

Que.2The error caused by poor calibration of the instrument is called ____.

Random Error

Systematic Error

Gross Error

Precision Error

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Option 2: Systematic Error

Explanation: Constant and uniform deviation of the error is called Systematic error.
Systematic errors occur due to incorrect or poor calibration of the instrument.
One more reason is that the instruments used with substandard spare parts, due to worn, environmental effects, aging.
Que.3Which of the following is not a type of systematic error?
  1. Instrumental Errors
  2. Environmental Errors
  3. Observational Errors
  4. Gross error

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Option 4: Gross error

Que.4_____ is caused by careless handling of instruments.
  1. Systematic Error
  2. Random Error
  3. Gross Error
  4. None of the above

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Option 3: Gross Error

Explanation:Gross errors occur due to the lack of experience of human beings.
These cover human mistakes in noting down the readings, recording the process variable, and calculating results. These readings occur due to the incorrect adjustments of the instruments.
Que.5Gross error can be prevented by the taking measures
  1. Precautious reading and recording of data.
  2. Taking multiple readings, by different persons.
  3. None of the above.
  4. Both 1 and 2.

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Option 4: Both 1 and 2.

Que.6The difference between the true value of the measured quantity to the value shown by the measuring instrument under varying conditions:
  1. Static error
  2. Absolute error
  3. Dynamic error
  4. None of these

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Option 3: Dynamic error

Explanation:The dynamic error is the difference between the true value of the quantity changing with time and the value indicated by the instrument if no static error is assumed.
Que.7If the instrument is used in wrong manner while application, then it will result in
  1. Systematic Error
  2. Random Error
  3. Instrument Error
  4. Environmental Error

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Option 3: Instrument Error

Que.8The systematic error of an instrument can be reduced by
  1. Making the sensitivity of an instrument to environmental input as low as possible.
  2. Making the sensitivity of an instrument to environmental input as high as possible.
  3. Calibrating the Instrument with standard one.
  4. None of these

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Option 1: Making the sensitivity of an instrument to environmental input as low as possible.

Que.9Random errors in a measuring system are due to
  1. Environmental changes
  2. Poor cabling Practices
  3. Use of uncalibrated instrument
  4. Unpredictable effects

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Option 4: Unpredictable effects

Explanation:
The errors, which occur due to unknown sources during measurement time are known as random error. Hence, it is not possible to eliminate or minimize these errors.
Que.10How to reduce random error?
  1. Take a greater number of readings by different observers.
  2. Do statistical analysis on the readings obtained in Step1.
  3. Perform both 1 and 2
  4. None of the above

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Option 3: Perform both 1 and 2

Que.11Which of the following parameters used in statistical analysis?
  1. Mean
  2. Median
  3. Variance
  4. All of the above

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Option 4: All of the above

Explanation:Following are the parameters that are used in statistical analysis.
1. Mean
2.Median
3.Variance
4.Deviation
5.Standard Deviation
Que.12To compare an unknown with a standard through a calibrated system is called
  1. Direct comparison.
  2. Indirect Comparison.
  3. Both 1 and 2.
  4. none of the above.

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Option 2: Indirect Comparison.

Que.13 Degree at which an instrument indicates the changes in measured variable without dynamic error is called _____.
  1. Speed of response
  2. fidelity
  3. Reproducibility of instrument
  4. its static characteristics

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Option 2: fidelity

Que.14 Which of the following may not be a cause of Environmental error?
  1. Changes in temperature, humidity
  2. Availability of dust
  3. Effects of external magnetic or electrostatic fields
  4. Improper use of instruments

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Option 4: Improper use of instruments

Explanation:
These errors are due to the conditions external to the measuring instrument. Ambient parameters such as temperature, pressure, humidity, dust, the effect of external magnetic and electrostatic fields, aging of the instrument, frequency sensitivity of the instrument.
Such errors can be avoided by providing air conditioning, cleaning the instruments, housing the instruments in a proper protecting cover.
Gross error occurs due to improper use of instrument.

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