Click on the link for the Instrumentation notes it includes mainly two units as (1)Transducers and Sensors and (2)Industrial measurements. Some more topics will be covered soon or later. You can also demand as per need.
Transducer and Its Classification,
Selection Criteria of Transducer ,
LVDT Linear Variable Differential Transformer,
Strain Gauge ,
Piezoelectric Transducer ,
Hall Effect Transducer,
Resistance Temperature Detectors or Resistance thermometer ,
Thermocouple,
Photoelectric Transducers ,
Light Sensors or Photosensors ,
Electrical Telemetry | Telemetry System,
Signal Conditioning ,
Measurement of vibration,
Electrical telemetry,
Thickness measurement,
Humidity measurement,
Thermal conductivity,
Industrial computerized tomography,
Smoke and fire detection,
level measurement
Burglar alarm,
Object counter,
sound level meter,
Tachometer,
VAW meter,
Recorder X- Y plotters and its applications,
Optical oscillograph.
Telemetry may be defined as measurement at a distance. In this article our focus will be on DC telemetry system and its types such as voltage and current telemetry system. Let’s have a brief idea about electrical telemetry. Electrical Telemetric System The electrical telemetring system consists of a transmitter, which converts the input measured into […]
X-Y recorders or X-Y plotters accept two inputs and create a chart or graph of one input versus the other. They are commonly used to determine the relationship between the two inputs. It is one of the types of recording and indicating instrument. Let’s see what is recorder? and classification of recorders first. Introduction to
Thermistors (construction of thermal resistor) are semiconductors which behave as resistors with a high negative temperature coefficient of resistance. Thermistor word derived from Thermal resistor. It became available in early 1960’s. They are based on oxides of semiconductors which has high temperature coefficients (mostly NTC) and have high resistance. Construction of Thermistor Thermistors are composed
Sensors and transducers are crucial in instrumenting an engineering system. Sensors may be used in an engineering system for a variety of purposes. A measuring device passes through two main stages while measuring a signal. First, the measurand is felt or sensed by the sensing element. Then, the sensed signal is transduced (or converted) into
When two metals having different work functions are placed together, a voltage is generated at the junction which is nearly proportional to the temperature. This junction is called a thermocouple. Working Principle of Thermocouple Thomas Seebeck discovered in 1821 that when two dissimilar metals were in contact, a voltage was generated where the voltage was
Resistance temperature detectors, or resistance thermometers, employ a sensitive element of extremely pure platinum, copper or nickel wire that provides a definite resistance value at each temperature within its range. Thermoresistive Effect The relationship between temperature and resistance of conductors in the temperature range near 0°C can be calculated from the equation where Rt =
Resistance Temperature Detectors or Resistance thermometer Read More »
Semiconductor-based light sensors as well as light sources are needed in optoelectronics. A light sensor is also known as a photodetector or photosensor. It is a device that is sensitive to light. Some photosensors can serve as energy sources (cells) as well. A photosensor may be an integral component of an optoisolator or other optically
The various photoelectric transducers that convert light energy into electrical energy are Photoemissive transducer, Photovoltaic transducer, Photoconductive transducer. Photoemissive Transducers The properties of a photoemissive cell or phototube are used in photoelectric transducers. The vacuum photoelectric cell consists of a curved sheet of thin metal with its concave surface coated with a photoemissive material, which
The Hall effect element is a type of transducer used for measuring the magnetic field by converting it into an emf. The direct measurement of the magnetic field is not possible. Thus, the Hall Effect Transducer is used for indirect measurement of magnetic field. The transducer converts the magnetic field into an electric quantity which is easily measured by the analog and digital meters is called hall effect transducer. Working Principle The working principle of Hall Effect Transducer
Full form of LVDT is Linear Variable Differential Transformer. Its working principle is same as Transformer (i.e. Mutual Induction Principle) and also the output across its secondary coil is in the form of differential voltage, that’s why it is named as Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT). Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) is an electromechanical type inductive transducer that
